Earthquakes

 

RSOE EDIS

Date/Time (UTC) Magnitude Area Country State/Prov./Gov. Location Risk Source Details
23.06.2012 09:20:34 2.6 North America United States Nevada Incline Village There are volcano(s) nearby the epicenter. There are airport(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
23.06.2012 09:20:59 2.1 Middle America Mexico Estado de Baja California Las Catitas There are volcano(s) nearby the epicenter. There are airport(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
23.06.2012 09:00:48 4.0 Pacific Ocean New Zealand Woodville County Darfield VulkĂĄn 0 There are airport(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 GEONET Details
23.06.2012 07:50:38 2.1 North America United States California Iceland There are volcano(s) nearby the epicenter. There are airport(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
23.06.2012 09:10:46 2.6 North America United States Texas Egan VulkĂĄn 0 There are airport(s) nearby the epicenter. There are nuclear facilities nearby the epicenter. USGS-RSOE Details
23.06.2012 07:40:58 2.4 North America United States California Muir There are volcano(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
23.06.2012 07:00:34 2.6 North America United States Utah Commonwealth Square Condominium VulkĂĄn 0 There are airport(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
23.06.2012 06:55:33 5.9 Indonesian archipelago Indonesia Keudeampontuan There are volcano(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
23.06.2012 06:20:33 2.4 North America United States Alaska Happy Valley There are volcano(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
23.06.2012 06:00:34 4.2 North America United States California Iceland There are volcano(s) nearby the epicenter. There are airport(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
23.06.2012 05:50:31 4.5 Indonesian archipelago Indonesia Propinsi Maluku Lautong There are volcano(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
23.06.2012 05:20:46 2.4 North America United States Alaska Kanatak There are volcano(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
23.06.2012 05:06:03 3.1 North America United States Utah Bloomington Hills There are volcano(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
23.06.2012 04:25:37 2.3 North America United States California Scissors Crossing VulkĂĄn 0 There are airport(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
23.06.2012 03:45:29 2.0 North America United States California Imperial There are volcano(s) nearby the epicenter. There are airport(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
23.06.2012 03:40:31 4.7 Atlantic Ocean Saint Helena Wild Cattle Pound VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
23.06.2012 01:45:53 2.9 Caribbean Dominican Republic Provincia de La Altagracia Tres Hermanos VulkĂĄn 0 There are airport(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
22.06.2012 23:30:30 2.2 North America Canada British Columbia Princeton VulkĂĄn 0 There are airport(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
22.06.2012 23:55:38 3.5 Caribbean Puerto Rico Vinet VulkĂĄn 0 There are airport(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
22.06.2012 23:15:32 2.3 North America United States California Imperial There are volcano(s) nearby the epicenter. There are airport(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
22.06.2012 23:10:44 2.3 North America United States California Imperial There are volcano(s) nearby the epicenter. There are airport(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
22.06.2012 23:11:04 2.3 North America United States California Imperial There are volcano(s) nearby the epicenter. There are airport(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
22.06.2012 23:11:26 2.0 North America United States California Imperial There are volcano(s) nearby the epicenter. There are airport(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
22.06.2012 23:15:52 2.2 North America United States Oregon Bradwood VulkĂĄn 0 There are airport(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
22.06.2012 22:15:41 2.2 North America United States California Iceland There are volcano(s) nearby the epicenter. There are airport(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
22.06.2012 21:40:33 2.1 North America United States California Linnie There are volcano(s) nearby the epicenter. There are airport(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
22.06.2012 21:55:43 4.7 Asia Japan Tokyo-to Oki There are volcano(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
22.06.2012 18:30:39 2.4 North America United States California Mercuryville There are volcano(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
22.06.2012 17:20:35 2.9 North America United States California Ribbonwood VulkĂĄn 0 There are airport(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
22.06.2012 19:40:38 2.3 North America United States Alaska Happy Valley There are volcano(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
22.06.2012 16:25:33 2.1 North America United States Hawaii Volcano There are volcano(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
22.06.2012 15:25:43 2.4 North America United States Washington Ballow VulkĂĄn 0 There are airport(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
23.06.2012 00:11:09 2.7 Pacific Ocean New Zealand Woodville County New Brighton VulkĂĄn 0 There are airport(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 GEONET Details
22.06.2012 15:11:15 4.0 Pacific Ocean New Zealand Woodville County New Brighton VulkĂĄn 0 There are airport(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 GEONET Details
22.06.2012 14:50:41 4.8 Pacific Ocean New Zealand Woodville County Horoera VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
22.06.2012 14:35:39 4.9 Pacific Ocean New Zealand Woodville County Horoera VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
22.06.2012 19:50:32 2.7 Caribbean British Virgin Islands The Settlement VulkĂĄn 0 There are airport(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
22.06.2012 14:00:38 2.3 Caribbean Puerto Rico Tosquero (historical) VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
22.06.2012 12:05:52 3.8 Australia Australia State of New South Wales Narrallen VulkĂĄn 0 There are airport(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
22.06.2012 10:20:35 5.1 Asia Japan Iwate-ken Aneyoshi VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
22.06.2012 09:55:47 4.7 North America United States Alaska McCord VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
22.06.2012 10:05:44 5.0 North America United States Alaska McCord VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
22.06.2012 12:00:33 3.7 Caribbean Dominican Republic Provincia de La Altagracia La Zanja VulkĂĄn 0 There are airport(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
22.06.2012 22:31:02 2.2 North America United States Utah Ticaboo VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details
22.06.2012 19:30:47 2.2 North America United States Alaska Happy Valley There are volcano(s) nearby the epicenter. VulkĂĄn 0 VulkĂĄn 0 USGS-RSOE Details

…………………………………….

(RTTNews) – A powerful earthquake of 6.0 magnitude struck in the Pacific Ocean off Australia’s remote and sparsely-populated Macquarie Island on Friday, according to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).

The USGS reported that the quake struck at a shallow depth of 6.2 miles at about 3:30 p.m. local time, with its epicenter located some 14 miles northwest of Macquarie Island.

There were no immediate reports of casualities or damages, and the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center is yet to respond to the tremor.

Macquarie Island is located in the southwest corner of the Pacific Ocean, about half-way between New Zealand and Antarctica. Politically, it is part of Tasmania, Australia, since 1900 and became a Tasmanian State Reserve in 1978. In 1997 it became a World Heritage Site.

The island is home to the entire Royal Penguin population on earth during their annual nesting season. Ecologically, the remote island is part of the Antipodes Subantarctic Islands tundra ecoregion.

Since 1948, the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD) has maintained a permanent base on the island. The population of the base, the island’s only human inhabitants, usually varies from 20 to 40 people over the year.

by RTT Staff Writer

 

 

Published: 6/22 9:01 pm
Updated: 6/22 10:51 pm

RENO, Nev. (KRNV & MyNews4.com) – The epicenter of the earthquake was due east of Truckee just east of the Nevada – California state line.  People from all over the Reno-Sparks metro area and Carson City are telling News 4 that they felt the earthquake.

The quake struck at 8:51pm. There was a 1.4 magnitude aftershock about five minutes after the initial earthquake; 20 minutes later there was a 1.8 aftershock.  With-in an hour and a half there were five aftershocks.  The largest aftershocks were two 1.9 magnitudes.  Nearly two hours after the 4.2, a 2.1 aftershock shook the area.

At 1:00pm, about eight hours before the large earthquake, there was a magnitude 2.0 quake in the same area.

Information from the USGS:

4.2 Ml – NEVADA
Preliminary Earthquake Report
Magnitude4.2 Ml
Date-Time
23 Jun 2012 03:51:56 UTC
22 Jun 2012 20:51:56 near epicenter
22 Jun 2012 19:51:56 standard time in your timezone
Location39.323N 119.979W
Depth11 km
Distances
9 km (6 miles) NNW (344 degrees) of Incline Village-Crystal Bay, NV
10 km (6 miles) NE (35 degrees) of Tahoe Vista, CA
10 km (6 miles) NNE (23 degrees) of Kings Beach, CA
26 km (16 miles) SSW (211 degrees) of Reno, NV
155 km (96 miles) NE (56 degrees) of Sacramento, CA

5.9-magnitude quake hits N. Sumatra, Indonesia — USGS

English.news.cn   2012-06-23 13:48:24            

JAKARTA, June 23 (Xinhua) — An earthquake measuring 5.9 jolted northern Sumatra, Indonesia at 0434 GMT on Saturday, the U.S. Geological Survey said.

The epicenter, with a depth of 97.40 km, was initially determined to be at 2.9635 degrees north latitude and 97.9111 degrees east longitude.

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Extreme Temperatures/ Weather

Nearly 9,000 evacuated as Utah fire explodes

‘Ash was falling on us as we were pulling away,’ says one evacuee

Image: Smoke near homes

Ravell Call  /  The Deseret News via AP

Fire approaches homes near Saratoga Springs, Utah, on Friday.
msnbc.com staff and news service reports
updated 6/22/2012 8:36:36 PM ET

SALT LAKE CITY — Thousands of homes were evacuated from two small Utah communities on Friday as high winds whipped up a brush fire triggered by target shooters and pushed the flames toward houses and a nearby explosives factory.

The so-called Dump fire erupted Thursday in the Kiowa Valley near a landfill for Saratoga Springs, a town of 18,000 on the west shore of Utah Lake, about 35 miles south of Salt Lake City.

Nearly 9,000 people had been evacuated, Utah County Sheriff’s Sgt. Spencer Cannon told The Deseret News.

The blaze initially scorched about 750 acres of cheat grass, sage and pinyon juniper south and west of town, but by Friday, a combination of strong winds and rising heat shifted the fire’s direction and sparked rapid growth, Bureau of Land Management spokeswoman Teresa Rigby said.

By Friday evening, the blaze had grown to more than 4,000 acres. Rigby said fire crews had cut containment lines around 20 percent of the blaze, but that number slipped as flames spread.

About 100 firefighters were working the blaze on Friday, with more teams expected, Rigby said. Air support was being provided by one air tanker and one helicopter. A red-flag warning for high wildfire hazards was posted across Utah, and Rigby said authorities are expecting winds of more than 20 mph by afternoon.

Sheriff’s deputies with bullhorns rolled through Saratoga Springs neighborhoods ordering the first evacuations at about 10 a.m., after flames had burned to within half a mile of homes. By midday, evacuations were expanded to include a portion of nearby Eagle Mountain, just east of Saratoga Springs.

Image: Woman packs car to leave

Paul Fraughton  /  The Salt Lake City Tribune via AP

Lisel Christiansen packs her van as she prepares to leave her home in Eagle Mountain, Utah, Friday.

Homeowner and commercial photographer Renee Keith said she and her husband decided the fire had burned “too close for comfort” and began packing before authorities ordered them out. Keith said she packed her children’s baby books, the computer hard drives, one bag of clothes and camera equipment.

“I was kind of nervous, especially when we were packing the car,” Keith told Reuters. “Ash was falling on us as we were pulling away.”

The Keiths said their biggest concern was for a nearby plant that makes explosives for the construction and mining industries. The fire was reportedly burning within one mile of the factory, but authorities said the flames appeared to have burned around it.

It was not clear Friday how long authorities would keep residents away, Rigby said.

In neighboring Colorado, fire managers on Friday reported making progress against a 100-square-mile fire burning west of Fort Collins, near the Wyoming border, after two days of cooler temperatures, calmer winds and higher humidity.

Officials there said containment of the fire, which ranks as the most destructive on record in Colorado, had increased to 60 percent.

But a return of triple-digit temperatures and gusty winds in the forecast posed a renewed challenge to firefighters battling the lightning-caused blaze, fire commander Bill Hahnenberg said.

The fire has been blamed for one casualty so far, a 62-year-old grandmother whose remains were found last week in the cabin where she lived alone.

Reuters contributed to this report.

Forest / Wild Fire in USA on Friday, 22 June, 2012 at 18:05 (06:05 PM) UTC.

Description
A massive, out of control wildfire on Lake Mountain prompted evacuations Friday morning and was bearing down on an explosives factory. “It’s close enough to where we’re really worried,” BLM spokeswoman Cami Lee said of the explosives plant. An evacuation of the Benches subdivision in Saratoga Springs has now begun. Officials have begun notifying residents door to door and through reverse 911 telephone calls. The evacuation area is everything south of Pony Express Parkway, east of Smith Ranch Road and east to Redwood Road. The affected subdivisions in Eagle Mountain include Kiowa Valley, Eagle Top, Fremont Springs and SilverLake. Highway 68 also was closed south of 400 North in Saratoga Springs. A shelter is being set up at West Lake High School. Just after 11 a.m. the temperature was already 90 degrees and the wind was blowing at 15 mph with gust up to 19 mph. Authorities were scrambling around 10 a.m. to notify residents of at least 250 homes in Saratoga Springs and Eagle Mountain that they needed to leave the area. Bureau of Land Management spokeswoman Teresa Rigby said that a change in wind was driving the Dump Fire east and it had come within a quarter of a mile of a neighborhood. The thick brown smoke was filling the air over much of northern Utah County and drifting east over the valley. An air tanker was flying overhead, visible only occasionally before it disappeared into the smoke. In Saratoga Springs the city’s water department has shut off irrigation wast er to all location where culinary water is being used for irrigation, according to the city’s Facebook page, so water tanks can fill and provide water and water pressure if the fire reaches homes. The city also is asking residents to turn off their irrigation systems this weekend. According to the BLM, the fire was being fought Friday morning by four hand crews, various fire engines, and a handful of helicopters. Additional hand crews were en route.
22.06.2012 Forest / Wild Fire USA State of Utah, Saratoga Springs Damage level Details

Red Flag Warning

FIRE WEATHER MESSAGE

PUEBLO CO
RIVERTON WY
SALT LAKE CITY UT
CHEYENNE WY
LAS VEGAS NV
ELKO NV
GRAND JUNCTION CO
FLAGSTAFF AZ
DENVER CO
FAIRBANKS AK
POCATELLO ID

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Storms, Flooding

NASA sees tropical trouble brewing in southern Gulf of Mexico


NASA sees tropical trouble brewing in southern Gulf of Mexico

 

This visible image of System 96L was captured by NOAA’s GOES-13 satellite on June 22 at 1601 UTC (12:01 p.m. EDT). The image was created at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., by the NASA GOES Project Credit: NASA GOES Project

Imagery from NOAA’s GOES-13 satellite has shown some towering thunderstorms within the low pressure area called System 96L, located in the southern Gulf of Mexico. NASA continues to create the imagery from the GOES satellite and NASA satellites are also monitoring the developing low. If it does organize further and become a tropical storm over the weekend, it would be named “Debby.”

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Its quite likely that the fourth tropical cyclone of the North Atlantic Hurricane Season is brewing in the southern Gulf of Mexico, more specifically, in the Yucatan Channel. The Yucatan Channel lies between Mexico’s Yucatan Peninsula and western Cuba.

Tropical depressions seem have have a habit of forming on weekends, and this low appears to be following that habit. On Friday, June 22 at 0900 UTC (5 a.m. EDT), System 96L was located near 22.5 North and 89.5 West, near the north coast of the Yucatan Peninsula.

The GOES-13 satellite continually monitors the eastern U.S. and provides updated visible and . An image from June 22 at 1601 UTC (12:01 p.m. EDT) shows a large low pressure area near the Yucatan’s northern coast with disorganized showers and thunderstorms. In the image, some of the thunderstorms near the center of the low appear to be higher than the surrounding clouds,which indicates they are higher and stronger.

The National Hurricane Center (NHC) noted that atmospheric pressure on the surface continues to fall, indicating that the low pressure area is intensifying. Forecasters at NHC give System 96L a 70 percent chance of becoming the fourth of the , sometime over the weekend.

Meanwhile, System 96L is expected to move slowly northward into the this weekend (June 23-24). The NHC notes “Interests along the entire United States Gulf Coast should monitor the progress of this disturbance through the weekend. Heavy rains and localized flooding are possible across the Yucatan peninsula, western Cuba, and southern Florida through Saturday.”

Provided by NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center search and more info website

Flood Warning

PENDLETON OR
DULUTH MN
TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
LAKE CHARLES LA

Flood Advisory

TOPEKA KS
JUNEAU AK

Coastal Flood Advisory

BROWNSVILLE TX
NEW ORLEANS LA

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Epidemic Hazards / Diseases

Today Epidemic Hazard USA State of Virginia, Fairfax [George Mason University] Damage level Details

Epidemic Hazard in USA on Saturday, 23 June, 2012 at 04:33 (04:33 AM) UTC.

Description
Health officials are investigating the cause of a mystery sickness bug which claimed more than 40 victims in one night. Dozens of students at George Mason University, Washington, were taken ill with food poisoning and flu-like symptoms on Wednesday night and Thursday morning. Those with reported sickness are said to be from a group of 80 international students aged between 15 and 22, who were at the school to attend the Congressional Awards Foundation Program. An unknown number of students were taken to the George Washington University Hospital after being taken ill, while more students developed similar symptoms just hours later. The students called 911, before another seven pupils were transported to a nearby hospital. Officials are still investigating what caused the illness, but say more than 40 students have so far been affected. Fairfax County health officials say the outbreak may have been viral gastroenteritis, which causes vomiting and diarrhea. A member of Fairfax County Fire and EMS told NBC: ‘Originally they thought it might be related to the heat and dehydration, but they started to show more of a stomach-type virus or illness.’ NBC reported that the virus was spread person to person by touching the infected surface areas. Health officials are now said to be working with the university to clean the area sick students may have infected.
Biohazard name: Unidentified illness
Biohazard level: 1/4 Low
Biohazard desc.: Bacteria and viruses including Bacillus subtilis, canine hepatitis, Escherichia coli, varicella (chicken pox), as well as some cell cultures and non-infectious bacteria. At this level precautions against the biohazardous materials in question are minimal, most likely involving gloves and some sort of facial protection. Usually, contaminated materials are left in open (but separately indicated) waste receptacles. Decontamination procedures for this level are similar in most respects to modern precautions against everyday viruses (i.e.: washing one’s hands with anti-bacterial soap, washing all exposed surfaces of the lab with disinfectants, etc). In a lab environment, all materials used for cell and/or bacteria cultures are decontaminated via autoclave.
Symptoms: flu-like symptoms, possible viral gastroenteritis
Status: suspected
22.06.2012 Epidemic Hazard India State of Gujarat, Ahmedabad Damage level Details

Epidemic Hazard in India on Friday, 22 June, 2012 at 18:03 (06:03 PM) UTC.

Description
A local hospital is on alert as a resident doctor died of the dreaded Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (Congo fever) here today. Dr Smiral Patel of V S Hospital, who contracted the virus while treating a patient with unknown hemorrhagic viral fever, today died at a private hospital. “We started screening all ward boys, nursing staff and resident doctors as soon as we received the positive report of the blood sample of Dr Patel from the National Institute of Virology, Pune,” said Dr Pankaj Patel, the superintendent of the Municipal Corporation-run V S Hospital. On Wednesday, while Dr Smiral Patel was treating a patient, a splash of patient`s blood landed on his face. Next day he complained of high-grade fever, severe headache, and metallic taste in his mouth. He was immediately rushed here. But today he passed away,” said Dr Atul Patel, senior consultant at Sterling Hospital, where Dr Smiral was undergoing treatment. Authorities at the V S Hospital have started checking up everybody who was in the team with Dr Smiral, and given preventive medicines to his colleagues, who had taken him to the private hospital and stayed with him. Last year, a woman, Amina Momin of Sanand town near Ahmedabad, had died of Congo Fever.
Biohazard name: Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever
Biohazard level: 3/4 Hight
Biohazard desc.: Bacteria and viruses that can cause severe to fatal disease in humans, but for which vaccines or other treatments exist, such as anthrax, West Nile virus, Venezuelan equine encephalitis, SARS virus, variola virus (smallpox), tuberculosis, typhus, Rift Valley fever, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, yellow fever, and malaria. Among parasites Plasmodium falciparum, which causes Malaria, and Trypanosoma cruzi, which causes trypanosomiasis, also come under this level.
Symptoms:
Status: confirmed

US journal prints controversial bird flu research

Terra Daily
by Staff Writers
Washington (AFP) June 21, 2012

The US journal Science published research Thursday on how a mutant bird flu may spread among mammals and possibly humans, following months of controversy over the risks of bioterrorism.

The paper detailed how a Dutch lab engineered an H5N1 bird flu virus that can be transmitted in the air among ferrets, and followed the publication last month of findings by a US-based team that made similar advances.

Last year, a US biosecurity panel called for only heavily edited results of the two papers to be released, for fear that an ill-intentioned scientist might be able to use the data to unleash a potent and lethal form of bird flu that humans could catch easily.

But international experts have since agreed that the benefits of publishing outweighed the risks.

Deadly flu pandemics have killed millions of people in the past. Until now, there have been fewer than 600 human cases of H5N1 bird flu infection in the world since it first infected people in Hong Kong in 1997, but more than half of all cases have been fatal.

The World Health Organization has tallied 606 human cases of bird flu since 2003 and 357 deaths, according to its latest report issued this month.

Lead researcher Ron Fouchier, a scientist at the Erasmus Medical Center in the Netherlands, said the aim was to gain a better understanding of how avian flu is spread in order to prepare for a potential human outbreak.

“The virus did not kill the ferrets that were infected via the aerosol route,” said Fouchier, who has frequently stressed that the dangers of his research were overblown in the media.

“Anybody with access to the scientific literature can read all about dangerous pathogens that are more interesting to terrorize the world with than our particular virus.”

Instead, Fouchier and his colleagues showed that the H5N1 virus could become airborne among ferrets — considered a reasonable but not perfect model for humans — after as few as five mutations and without mixing H5N1 with another flu virus.

The previous paper by Yoshihiro Kawaoka at the University of Wisconsin and colleagues, published in May in the British journal Nature, described how the virus could become airborne after a series of mutations and re-assortments with the 2009 H1N1 virus, or “swine flu.”

The two papers offer important insights into what forms a spreadable bird flu may take, and could lead to more advances in how to stop it, said Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.

“I believe that the benefits are greater than the risks. Does that mean there’s no risk? No, of course not,” he said.

“Being in the free and open literature would make it much easier to get a lot of the good guys involved than the risk of getting the rare bad guy involved.”

But it remains unclear just how much risk people face, according to Derek Smith from the University of Cambridge, who co-authored an article in the same edition of Science on the potential for such a virus to evolve in humans.

Smith said his team’s research determined that viruses with two of the mutations are already being found in birds.

To reach the minimum level of five mutations that Fouchier’s team described looks “pretty difficult, but we don’t yet know how difficult it is,” he said.

“We now know we are living on a fault line. What we have discovered in this working collaboration with Drs Fouchier and Kawaoka is that it is an active fault line,” he told reporters.

Asked if such a virus would inevitably evolve in nature, Smith likened that to asking, “Could it ever snow in the Sahara?”

“It is absolutely within the realm of possibility that they could evolve in a human host or some other mammalian host. We see nothing — we see no fundamental hurdle to that happening,” he added.

In the meantime, Fauci said a voluntary moratorium on research that involves the causes or transmissibility of H5N1 has yet to be lifted, as leading US health officials try to establish rules for future experiments that could raise alarm among biosecurity experts.

“We are still struggling a bit,” said Fauci.

“I can’t tell you when it’s going to be voluntarily lifted, but we are working very hard right now (to establish a) broad general criteria of the kinds of experiments that could be done.”

The editor-in-chief of Science, Bruce Alberts, said the eight-month-long controversy “has shone a spotlight on the need to deal more effectively with ‘dual-use research of concern.’”

Related Links
Epidemics on Earth – Bird Flu, HIV/AIDS, Ebola

Deadly Bird Flu May Be Five Steps From Pandemic, Study Finds

Simeon Bennett, ©2012 Bloomberg News

(Updates with vaccine makers in fifth paragraph.)
June 22 (Bloomberg) — Five genetic tweaks made a deadly strain of bird flu that can infect humans spread more easily, according to a study that the U.S. government had first sought to censor on concerns it could be used by bioterrorists.

The genetic changes made the H5N1 virus airborne among ferrets, the mammals whose response to flu is most like that of humans, researchers from the Netherlands wrote in the journal Science yesterday. The likelihood of those changes occurring naturally is difficult to estimate but there is “no fundamental hurdle to that happening,” said Derek Smith, a University of Cambridge researcher who led a second study.

Scientists have been monitoring for pandemic-inducing changes in H5N1 since the strain was recovered from a farmed goose in China’s southern province of Guangdong in 1996. The virus has since spread across Asia, Europe, the Middle East and parts of Africa, devastating poultry flocks and causing sporadic infections in people, among whom it doesn’t efficiently transmit.

“We now know that we’re living on a fault line,” Smith said on a conference call with reporters. “It’s an active fault line, it really could do something, and now what we need to know is, how likely is that?”

Publication of the paper was delayed after a U.S. biosecurity panel in December asked the scientists to censor some parts of their work to prevent it being used by bioterrorists. Researchers meeting at the World Health Organization in February agreed the full findings should be published to help scientists design vaccines and drugs, and public health officials prepare for a pandemic.
Vaccine Makers
Novartis AG, Sanofi and CSL Ltd. make vaccines against H5N1 avian influenza. GlaxoSmithKline Plc applied for European Union approval of its vaccine in March.

More than 600 people have been infected with H5N1 since 2003, and almost 60 percent have died, according to the Geneva- based WHO. Most had direct contact with infected poultry, prompting scientists to question what it would take for the virus to become easily transmissible between humans.

While influenza viruses mutate constantly in a process called antigenic drift, the flu pandemics of the past century, including the 1918 Spanish flu that killed as many as 50 million people, have all been triggered by so-called antigenic shift, the mixing of human and animal flu viruses to create new pathogens to which people have no preexisting immunity.

Scientists led by Ron Fouchier at Erasmus Medical Center in Rotterdam set out to test whether H5N1 could become more transmissible by antigenic drift alone. The answer: yes.
Infected Ferrets
Fouchier and colleagues examined mutations in viruses responsible for previous flu pandemics, and made three such changes to a strain of H5N1 from Indonesia, the country with the most cases and deaths, which they used to infect a ferret. They later took swabs from its nose and throat and used that to infect another ferret, and so on up to 10 animals, to see how the virus evolved.

Sure enough, it developed the ability to replicate in the animals’ respiratory tract, suggesting the potential for airborne transmission.

The researchers then put the virus to the test by putting the infected animals next to healthy ferrets in neighboring cages. Six out of eight of the healthy ferrets became infected.

In addition to the three genetic changes introduced by the scientists, they identified two other mutations that enabled the virus to spread, the researchers wrote. Those mutations are now the subject of further research.

The five changes have all been observed in nature, but not in the same virus, they wrote. The mutant viruses were susceptible to Roche Holding AG’s antiviral drug Tamiflu.

A similar study led by Yoshihiro Kawaoka at the University of Wisconsin at Madison, which was also delayed, was published in the journal Nature in May. That showed how H5N1 could become highly transmissible by mixing with the H1N1 virus that sparked the 2009 swine flu pandemic.
‘Wrong Hands’
The two groups agreed in December to suspend their work for 60 days after the U.S. National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity asked two journals to censor some details of the work to ensure it wouldn’t “fall into the wrong hands.”

The controversy over the studies triggered a new U.S. government policy for conducting or funding research that could potentially be used for harm, Anthony S. Fauci, the director of the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and Francis S. Collins, the director of the U.S. National Institutes of Health, wrote in an accompanying article.
‘Nefarious Use’
The benefits of the research “far outweigh the risks of the nefarious use of this information,” Fauci said on the conference call. “Being in the free and open literature would make it much more easy to get a lot of the good guys involved than the risk of getting the rare bad guy involved.”

Other pathogens studied by scientists are more transmissible and deadlier than H5N1, Fouchier said.

“Anyone with access to the scientific literature can read about all the dangerous pathogens that are more interesting to terrorize the world with than our particular virus,” he said on the conference call.

A moratorium on the research will remain in place until the conditions under which the work is done are assessed by authorities, Fouchier said.

The research was funded by the National Institutes of Health.
–Editors: Phil Serafino, Angela Zimm
To contact the reporter on this story: Simeon Bennett in Geneva at sbennett9@bloomberg.net
To contact the editor responsible for this story: Phil Serafino at pserafino@bloomberg.net

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Solar Activity

2MIN News June 22, 2012: Coronal Hole Coming, Tropical Development

Published on Jun 22, 2012 by

AMAZING: http://www.universetoday.com/95920/a-gamma-ray-burst-as-music/

TODAYS LINKS
Antarctic 15M years ago: http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/06/120620-green-antarctica-trees…
Antarctic 2.8M years ago: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120621151506.htm
Mars Water: http://phys.org/news/2012-06-extensive-mars-interior.html
Carbon Emission: http://www.nasa.gov/centers/jpl/news/earth20120621.html
Agenda 21: http://www.un.org/esa/dsd/agenda21/
China Goes NWO: http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2012-06/22/c_131669027.htm
Moody Rate Cuts: http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/06/22/us-financial-moodys-downgrades-idUS…
Taliban Attack: http://en.rian.ru/world/20120622/174180317.html

REPEAT LINKS
Spaceweather: http://spaceweather.com/ [Look on the left at the X-ray Flux and Solar Wind Speed/Density]

HAARP: http://www.haarp.alaska.edu/haarp/data.html [Click online data, and have a little fun]

SDO: http://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/ [Place to find Solar Images and Videos - as seen from earth]

SOHO: http://sohodata.nascom.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/soho_movie_theater [SOHO; Lasco and EIT - as seen from earth]

Stereo: http://stereo.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/images [Stereo; Cor, EUVI, HI - as seen from the side]

SunAEON:http://www.sunaeon.com/#/solarsystem/ [Just click it... trust me]

SOLARIMG: http://solarimg.org/artis/ [All purpose data viewing site]

iSWA: http://iswa.gsfc.nasa.gov/iswa/iSWA.html [Free Application; for advanced sun watchers]

NOAA ENLIL SPIRAL: http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/wsa-enlil/cme-based/ [CME Evolution]

RSOE: http://hisz.rsoe.hu/alertmap/index2.php [That cool alert map I use]

JAPAN Radiation Map: http://jciv.iidj.net/map/

LISS: http://earthquake.usgs.gov/monitoring/operations/heliplots_gsn.php

Gamma Ray Bursts: http://grb.sonoma.edu/ [Really? You can't figure out what this one is for?]

BARTOL Cosmic Rays: http://neutronm.bartol.udel.edu//spaceweather/welcome.html [Top left box, look for BIG blue circles]

TORCON: http://www.weather.com/news/tornado-torcon-index [Tornado Forecast for the day]

GOES Weather: http://rsd.gsfc.nasa.gov/goes/ [Clouds over America]

INTELLICAST: http://www.intellicast.com/ [Weather site used by many youtubers]

NASA News: http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/

PHYSORG: http://phys.org/ [GREAT News Site!]

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Space

 Earth approaching objects (objects that are known in the next 30 days)

Object Name Apporach Date Left AU Distance LD Distance Estimated Diameter* Relative Velocity
(2011 AH5) 25th June 2012 2 day(s) 0.1670 65.0 17 m – 39 m 5.84 km/s 21024 km/h
(2012 FA14) 25th June 2012 2 day(s) 0.0322 12.5 75 m – 170 m 5.28 km/s 19008 km/h
(2004 YG1) 25th June 2012 2 day(s) 0.0890 34.7 140 m – 310 m 11.34 km/s 40824 km/h
(2010 AF3) 25th June 2012 2 day(s) 0.1190 46.3 16 m – 36 m 6.54 km/s 23544 km/h
(2008 YT30) 26th June 2012 3 day(s) 0.0715 27.8 370 m – 820 m 10.70 km/s 38520 km/h
(2010 NY65) 27th June 2012 4 day(s) 0.1023 39.8 120 m – 270 m 15.09 km/s 54324 km/h
(2008 WM64) 28th June 2012 5 day(s) 0.1449 56.4 200 m – 440 m 17.31 km/s 62316 km/h
(2010 CD55) 28th June 2012 5 day(s) 0.1975 76.8 64 m – 140 m 6.33 km/s 22788 km/h
(2004 CL) 30th June 2012 7 day(s) 0.1113 43.3 220 m – 480 m 20.75 km/s 74700 km/h
(2008 YQ2) 03rd July 2012 10 day(s) 0.1057 41.1 29 m – 65 m 15.60 km/s 56160 km/h
(2005 QQ30) 06th July 2012 13 day(s) 0.1765 68.7 280 m – 620 m 13.13 km/s 47268 km/h
(2011 YJ28) 06th July 2012 13 day(s) 0.1383 53.8 150 m – 330 m 14.19 km/s 51084 km/h
276392 (2002 XH4) 07th July 2012 14 day(s) 0.1851 72.0 370 m – 840 m 7.76 km/s 27936 km/h
(2003 MK4) 08th July 2012 15 day(s) 0.1673 65.1 180 m – 410 m 14.35 km/s 51660 km/h
(1999 NW2) 08th July 2012 15 day(s) 0.0853 33.2 62 m – 140 m 6.66 km/s 23976 km/h
189P/NEAT 09th July 2012 16 day(s) 0.1720 66.9 n/a 12.47 km/s 44892 km/h
(2000 JB6) 10th July 2012 17 day(s) 0.1780 69.3 490 m – 1.1 km 6.42 km/s 23112 km/h
(2010 MJ1) 10th July 2012 17 day(s) 0.1533 59.7 52 m – 120 m 10.35 km/s 37260 km/h
(2008 NP3) 12th July 2012 19 day(s) 0.1572 61.2 57 m – 130 m 6.08 km/s 21888 km/h
(2006 BV39) 12th July 2012 19 day(s) 0.1132 44.1 4.2 m – 9.5 m 11.11 km/s 39996 km/h
(2005 NE21) 15th July 2012 22 day(s) 0.1555 60.5 140 m – 320 m 10.77 km/s 38772 km/h
(2003 KU2) 15th July 2012 22 day(s) 0.1034 40.2 770 m – 1.7 km 17.12 km/s 61632 km/h
(2007 TN74) 16th July 2012 23 day(s) 0.1718 66.9 20 m – 45 m 7.36 km/s 26496 km/h
(2007 DD) 16th July 2012 23 day(s) 0.1101 42.8 19 m – 42 m 6.47 km/s 23292 km/h
(2006 BC8) 16th July 2012 23 day(s) 0.1584 61.6 25 m – 56 m 17.71 km/s 63756 km/h
144411 (2004 EW9) 16th July 2012 23 day(s) 0.1202 46.8 1.3 km – 2.9 km 10.90 km/s 39240 km/h
(2012 BV26) 18th July 2012 25 day(s) 0.1759 68.4 94 m – 210 m 10.88 km/s 39168 km/h
(2010 OB101) 19th July 2012 26 day(s) 0.1196 46.6 200 m – 450 m 13.34 km/s 48024 km/h
(2008 OX1) 20th July 2012 27 day(s) 0.1873 72.9 130 m – 300 m 15.35 km/s 55260 km/h
(2010 GK65) 21st July 2012 28 day(s) 0.1696 66.0 34 m – 75 m 17.80 km/s 64080 km/h
(2011 OJ45) 21st July 2012 28 day(s) 0.1367 53.2 18 m – 39 m 3.79 km/s 13644 km/h
153958 (2002 AM31) 22nd July 2012 29 day(s) 0.0351 13.7 630 m – 1.4 km 9.55 km/s 34380 km/h
1 AU = ~150 million kilometers,1 LD = Lunar Distance = ~384,000 kilometers Source: NASA-NEO

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Biological Hazard / Wildlife

Today Biological Hazard USA State of Hawaii, [Maui] Damage level Details

Biological Hazard in USA on Saturday, 23 June, 2012 at 04:36 (04:36 AM) UTC.

Description
Wetland biologists and others involved in managing lands with associated wetlands have been notified by the Department of Land and Natural Resources’ Division of Forestry and Wildlife (DOFAW) of a recent avian botulism outbreak affecting waterbirds on Maui. In just over a week, 67 birds have been found dead at Kanaha Pond Wildlife Sanctuary in Kahului including Hawaiian Stilt, Hawaiian Coot, and Hawaiian Ducks of adult and juvenile stages. The paralytic disease has killed adult birds on their nests, also causing the eggs to be lost. Because botulinum toxin can be produced in most wetlands, and transported to new wetlands by dead or dying waterfowl, landowners and managers, both public and private, are being asked to frequently survey their wetlands for sick and/or dead birds, remove any dead or dying birds from the wetland, and contact local DOFAW biologists for guidance. Earlier this year a botulism outbreak in Hanalei, Kauai resulted in over 300 sick and dead birds being collected by USFWS refuge staff. Additionally, numerous other botulism fatalities have also been reported at wetlands throughout the state. Botulism is a paralytic condition brought on by the consumption of a naturally occurring toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. It is an intoxication rather than an infectious disease. Botulism, type C is commonly found in Hawaiian soils and is NOT dangerous to humans.

Particular environmental conditions in wetlands will sometimes allow this bacterium to produce botulinum toxin; the toxin is then accumulated in aquatic invertebrates. It is consumption of these toxic invertebrates by waterfowl that leads to mortality. In Hawai‘i, birds commonly affected include waterfowl frequenting wetlands such as our endangered Hawaiian coots, Hawaiian ducks, Laysan ducks, Hawaiian moorhen, Hawaiian stilts, Black-crowned night- herons, and various migratory waterfowl and shorebirds. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Wildlife Health Center Honolulu Field Station (NWHC-HFS) has been working closely with the US Fish and Wildlife Service and the State of Hawaii DLNR to investigate and confirm botulism as a cause of waterfowl mortality in Hanalei and Kahului. The NWHC-HFS provides technical assistance to federal, state, municipal, and non-governmental organizations on wildlife health related matters in Hawai‘i and the Pacific. “Part of our role is to determine the cause of death during unusual wildlife mortality events involving native and endangered species and provide management recommendations to address and mitigate such mortalities” said Dr. Thierry Work, Wildlife Disease Specialist for the USGS National Wildlife Health Center Honolulu Field Station. “For this particular event, our team first conducts necropsies of freshly dead birds here in Honolulu and then sends samples to the National Wildlife Health Center in Madison Wisconsin for confirmation of botulism.”

Biohazard name: Avian botulism
Biohazard level: 1/4 Low
Biohazard desc.: Bacteria and viruses including Bacillus subtilis, canine hepatitis, Escherichia coli, varicella (chicken pox), as well as some cell cultures and non-infectious bacteria. At this level precautions against the biohazardous materials in question are minimal, most likely involving gloves and some sort of facial protection. Usually, contaminated materials are left in open (but separately indicated) waste receptacles. Decontamination procedures for this level are similar in most respects to modern precautions against everyday viruses (i.e.: washing one’s hands with anti-bacterial soap, washing all exposed surfaces of the lab with disinfectants, etc). In a lab environment, all materials used for cell and/or bacteria cultures are decontaminated via autoclave.
Symptoms:
Status: confirmed

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Articles of Interest

New deglaciation data opens door for earlier First Americans migration

Terra Daily
by Staff Writers
Corvallis, OR (SPX) Jun 22, 2012


Sanak Island.

A new study of lake sediment cores from Sanak Island in the western Gulf of Alaska suggests that deglaciation there from the last Ice Age took place as much as 1,500 to 2,000 years earlier than previously thought, opening the door for earlier coastal migration models for the Americas.

The Sanak Island Biocomplexity Project, funded by the National Science Foundation, also concluded that the maximum thickness of the ice sheet in the Sanak Island region during the last glacial maximum was 70 meters – or about half that previously projected – suggesting that deglaciation could have happened more rapidly than earlier models predicted.

Results of the study were just published in the professional journal, Quaternary Science Reviews.

The study, led by Nicole Misarti of Oregon State University, is important because it suggests that the possible coastal migration of people from Asia into North America and South America – popularly known as “First Americans” studies – could have begun as much as two millennia earlier than the generally accepted date of ice retreat in this area, which was 15,000 years before present.

Well-established archaeology sites at Monte Verde, Chile, and Huaca Prieta, Peru, date back 14,000 to 14,200 years ago, giving little time for expansion if humans had not come to the Americas until 15,000 years before present – as many models suggest.

The massive ice sheets that covered this part of the Earth during the last Ice Age would have prevented widespread migration into the Americas, most archaeologists believe.

“It is important to note that we did not find any archaeological evidence documenting earlier entrance into the continent,” said Misarti, a post-doctoral researcher in Oregon State’s College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences. “But we did collect cores from widespread places on the island and determined the lake’s age of origin based on 22 radiocarbon dates that clearly document that the retreat of the Alaska Peninsula Glacier Complex was earlier than previously thought.”

“Glaciers would have retreated sufficiently so as to not hinder the movement of humans along the southern edge of the Bering land bridge as early as almost 17,000 years ago,” added Misarti, who recently accepted a faculty position at the University of Alaska at Fairbanks.

Interestingly, the study began as a way to examine the abundance of ancient salmon runs in the region. As the researchers began examining core samples from Sanak Island lakes looking for evidence of salmon remains, however, they began getting radiocarbon dates much earlier than they had expected.

These dates were based on the organic material in the sediments, which was from terrestrial plant macrofossils indicating the region was ice-free earlier than believed.

The researchers were surprised to find the lakes ranged in age from 16,500 to 17,000 years ago.

A third factor influencing the find came from pollen, Misarti said.

“We found a full contingent of pollen that indicated dry tundra vegetation by 16,300 years ago,” she said. “That would have been a viable landscape for people to survive on, or move through. It wasn’t just bare ice and rock.”

The Sanak Island site is remote, about 700 miles from Anchorage, Alaska, and about 40 miles from the coast of the western Alaska Peninsula, where the ice sheets may have been thicker and longer lasting, Misarti pointed out. “The region wasn’t one big glacial complex,” she said. “The ice was thinner and the glaciers retreated earlier.”

Other studies have shown that warmer sea surface temperatures may have preceded the early retreat of the Alaska Peninsula Glacier Complex (APGC), which may have supported productive coastal ecosystems.

Wrote the researchers in their article: “While not proving that first Americans migrated along this corridor, these latest data from Sanak Island show that human migration across this portion of the coastal landscape was unimpeded by the APGC after 17 (thousand years before present), with a viable terrestrial landscape in place by 16.3 (thousand years before present), well before the earliest accepted sites in the Americas were inhabited.”

Related Links
Oregon State University
Beyond the Ice Age

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[In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, this material is distributed without profit, for research and/or educational purposes. This constitutes 'FAIR USE' of any such copyrighted material.]

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