Tag Archive: Britain


Earth Watch Report  -  Extreme Weather

Sellafield Nuclear Site in the U.K.

Sellafield Nuclear Site in the U.K.

Suzanne Plunkett/Bloomberg

Five people were arrested yesterday near the Sellafield Ltd. nuclear reprocessing site in Cumbria.

22.03.2013 Extreme Weather United Kingdom England, [Sellafield Nuclear Site] Damage level
Details

Extreme Weather in United Kingdom on Friday, 22 March, 2013 at 15:46 (03:46 PM) UTC.

Description
British nuclear site Sellafield closed as a precaution on Friday due to bad weather including snow and high winds, its operator said in a statement. Staff were being sent home from the reprocessing and waste storage facility in northwest England but there was no evidence of any safety issues, it said. “In response to the current and predicted adverse weather conditions on and round the Sellafield site, as a precaution, a site incident has been declared and the plants have been moved safely to a controlled, shut down state,” it said. Sellafield Ltd added: “We have implemented a phased, early release of staff from the site; this is being carried out in a safe, controlled manner. “There is no reason to believe that there will be any off-site nuclear, environmental or conventional safety issues associated with the incident.” Britain’s national weather service the Met Office said the county of Cumbria where Sellafield is located was suffering a barrage of exceptionally bad spring weather. “It is very windy with a mixture of rain, sleet and snow across Cumbria and there will continue to be so for the rest of the day,” Met Office forecaster Helen Chivers told AFP. “They are in an area where there’s a particularly heavy burst of rain and snow passing by.” Sellafield was home to the world’s first commercial nuclear power station, but it stopped generating electricity in 2003. The site is currently used for the reprocessing of spent fuel and nuclear waste storage.

 

 

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Britain will take Iceland to court over £2.3bn bail-out

The Government is preparing to take Iceland to court to demand it repay every penny of the £2.3bn Britain lost when the Icelandic banking system collapsed.

Britain will take Iceland to court over £2.3bn bail-out

The Government said it had no choice but to take legal action after the Icelandic people voted against a long-term repayment plan.

5:15AM BST 11 Apr 2011

The Telegraph

Danny Alexander, the Chief Secretary to the Treasury, said Britain would pursue Iceland through the European courts in order to recoup the money the Government paid out in compensation to British savers when the Icelandic bank Icesave collapsed in 2008.

Mr Alexander said the Government had no choice but to take legal action after the Icelandic people voted against a long-term repayment plan.

“It’s obviously disappointing. It seems the people of Iceland have rejected what was a negotiated settlement,” Mr Alexander said on the BBC’s Andrew Marr show on Sunday.

“We had an obligation to people in this country who’d saved with those banks. We have an obligation now to get that money back and we will continue to pursue that until we do.

“There is a legal process going on and we will carry on through these processes. There is a very substantial amount of money involved – billions of pounds.”

Britain will lodge a complaint against Iceland at the European Free Trade Association in Luxembourg.

However, it will be at least a year until the dispute reaches court. The Netherlands, which was also forced to bail out its citizens following the Icesave collapse, will also take legal action against Iceland.

Jan Kees de Jager, the Dutch Finance Minister, said: “The time for negotiations is over. Iceland remains obliged to repay. The issue is now for the courts to decide.”

Both Britain and the Netherlands are likely to block Iceland’s application to join the European Union until the money is repaid.

Johanna Sigurdardottir, Iceland’s Prime Minister, said the rejection of the repayment plan, by a vote of 60pc to 40pc, could lead to “political and economic chaos”.

Credit rating agencies, including Moody’s, are likely to further downgrade Iceland’s credit rating as a result of its refusal to pay back the money.

More than 400,000 British and Dutch savers lost £3.5bn when Landsbanki, the Icelandic parent of Icesave, collapsed.

The savers were bailed out by state-backed deposit protection schemes. Under the terms of the rejected deal, Iceland would have paid the money owed to the UK at 3.3pc interest over 30 years between 2016 and 2046.

Iceland had rejected an earlier plan to pay the money back at 5.5pc interest between 2016 and 2024.

The Icelandic government last night claimed that 90pc of Icesave creditors will still be paid back from the sale of Landsbanki’s remaining assets.

Image Source

 

International War Crime: Weapons Airlift From Croatia to Terrorists in Syria Backed by US and Britain

Patrick Henningsen
Activist Post

It’s well known by now that NATO and the Gulf States’ initial plans to overturn the sovereign state of Syria has been running behind schedule since their operation was launched two years ago. They had hoped for the sort of slam dunk which they enjoyed in overturning the country of Libya in late 2011.

This same formula could not be applied again, however, so Plan B, a ground war using proxies has meant a longer drawn-out conflict. It hasn’t been working fast enough in Syria, and Western-backed terrorist groups are still sustaining heavy losses in their fight to topple the Assad government on behalf of the NATO and its Gulf allies.

The main obstacle with Plan B is that the very idea of directly arming terrorists in Syria is not one which can be sold openly in either the US or Britain.

From the NATO Allied corner, something drastic needed to be done…

Whilst politicians in the West, namely those in Washington DC, London and parts of Europe, have been publicly denying that they were helping to organise running arms into Syria and issuing very public pleads for ‘humanitarian aid’ for those they identify as the Syrian Opposition,activity back stage has been furious. The debate in government and the media has been mere window dressing for the real operation being quietly carried out.

NATO Gun-running via Croatia

It can now be revealed that NATO allied nations were busy using proxy states to drive their war in Syria – putting together one of the biggest international black operation transfers of military supplies in recent history. So it’s official: large caches of hardware from the West have been transferred to the Syrian jihadist mercenary collective known as the ‘Free Syrian Army’ , ‘Syrian Rebels’, or ‘Syrian Opposition’ – depending on who you ask, a brash move which may be vehemently opposed by other UN Security Council members – namely Russia and China.

Multiple media sources reveal the details of this massive airlift comprised of 75 airplanes, and an estimated 3,000 tons of military weaponry on board has left Croatia and has already been delivered … to Syria.

It is also confirmed from these reports that Saudi Arabia has financed a large portion of this purchase secretly transported to al Qaeda and other FSA fighters – who are working with the support of the CIA, MI6 and others, along with other financial and material support of Qatar and Saudi, to further destabilise and overthrow the Assad government in Syria.

Croatia’s daily newspaper Jutarnji List reported:

From the start of November last year, till February this year, 75 planes flew out from Zagreb Airport with over 3,000 tons of weapons and ammunition bound for Syrian rebels…

The newspaper, quoting diplomatic sources, says that besides Croatian weapons the planes were full with weapons from other European countries including the UK. The weapons were organised by the United States of America.

Sources say that the first few flights to leave Croatia bound for Syria with weapons were operated by Turkish Cargo, which is owned by Turkish Airlines. After those flights, Jordanian International Air Cargo took over the flights. The deal to provide arms to the rebels was made between American officials and the Croatian Ambassador to the US.

In addition to this huge gun-running operation, Croatia also appears to be guilty of either having advanced knowledge, or possibly coordinating with Syrian terrorists as evidenced by their recently withdraw all of troops from the UN observer mission in Golan Heights, indicating that the recent kidnapping by Free Syrian Army Terrorists of at least 20 UNIFIL peacekeepers in the Golan Heights was known in advance by Croatia. The incident may have been designed to pull Syria’s southern neighbor, Israel, even closer to the conflict, a development which would almost surely prompt the UN to declare this as trigger to a regional crisis, followed by an authorized military intervention.

If it was known by Croatia, then one can only conclude that this was also known by US and British operatives as well. Both the US and Britain will naturally claim deniability as their legal out in this case, by deniability through the use of proxies makes no innocent parties when the prospect of a multi-regional war beckons as a result of the west’s financial, logistical, political, and now material involvement in the overthrow of a sovereign state and internationally recognised government.

US officials are on record as admitting to helping arrange the weapons airlift, as cited in this Feb 25, 2012 article in the New York Times:

An official in Washington said the possibility of the transfers from the Balkans was broached last summer, when a senior Croatian official visited Washington and suggested to American officials that Croatia had many weapons available should anyone be interested in moving them to Syria’s rebels.

Revelations are not limited to the Croatian news report, as we see the US and Europe’s mainstream media wall of silence has begun to crack, including here a recent report from London’s Daily Telegraph sent across Syria’s borders with Jordan and NATO-member Turkey. The article entitled, “US and Europe in ‘major airlift of arms to Syrian rebels through Zagreb’“goes on to give further details of direct European involvement in illegal weapons running:

The United States has coordinated a massive airlift of arms to Syrian rebels from Croatia with the help of Britain and other European states, despite the continuing European Union arms embargo, it was claimed yesterday…

Decisions by William Hague, the Foreign Secretary, to provide non-lethal assistance and training, announced in the past week, were preceded by much greater though less direct Western involvement in the rebel cause, according to a Croat newspaper.

The shipments were allegedly paid for by Saudi Arabia at the bidding of the United States, with assistance on supplying the weapons organised through Turkey and Jordan, Syria’s neighbours.

…as from Croatia, weapons came “from several other European countries including Britain”, without specifying if they were British-supplied or British-procured arms.

British military advisers however are known to be operating in countries bordering Syria alongside French and Americans, offering training to rebel leaders and former Syrian army officers…

… The weapons, including rocket launchers, recoil-less guns and the M79 anti-tank weapon, have been seen in rebel hands in numerous videos, and were first spotted by an arms expert Eliot Higgins, who blogs under the name Brown Moses. He traced them moving from Dera’a in the south, near the Jordanian border, to Aleppo and Idlib provinces in the north.”

Hague denies Britain’s involvement in gun running

It is also no big secret that Britain has deployed a significant contingent of troops and support personnel to Jordan at least as far back as Autumn 2012 as part of its ongoing ‘joint military exercises’ with the Jordan military, but this latest revelation puts into clearer perspective the overwhelming likelihood that high level British military operation have actually been involved in the transfer of arms from Jordan into the hands of the international terrorist confab of mostly foreign fighter running under the west’s media banner of “Syrian Rebels”.

Consequences for Croatia, and Britain

What Britain may be guilty of here, is cynically – and illegally, trying to side-step the EU embargo on arms into Syria by using the fledgling EU state of Croatia as their delivery mechanism, because Croatia does not officially join the EU until July 1, and has not implemented any binding EU legislation. This flagrant violation of both EU and international law should mean that Croatia’s entrance into the EU could be appealed by other members states willing to raise an objection, with what are now clear grounds to mount a legal challenge against Croatia.

Regardless of any EU outcomes however, Croatia at least – is guilty of international war crimes.

 

Read Full Article Here

 

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Well it  looks like the  Russians  were right when  they  accused the  US of supplying weapons and forces to  the  Syrian  Rebels back in  2012……  Funny  how it is  quite alright for the  US to supply  the  Terrorists but not for Russia to  supply the  Government of  Syria. 

Hmmmm, Hypocritical  much ?

 

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Russia accuses US of arming Syrian rebels

Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov on Wednesday accused the United States of supplying weapons to Syria’s rebels after Hillary Clinton said Moscow was supplying the Assad regime with “attack helicopters”.

 Russia accuses US of arming Syrian rebels

Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov and US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton  Photo: Reuters/Getty

3:20PM BST 13 Jun 2012

Russia was supplying “anti-air defence systems” to Damascus in a deal that “in no way violates international laws,” Lavrov told a news conference during a brief visit to Iran.

“That contrasts with what the United States is doing with the opposition, which is providing arms to the Syrian opposition which are being used against the Syrian government,” he said, in remarks translated from Russian into Farsi by an official interpreter.

It was the first time Moscow has directly pointed the finger at Washington. Previously, it had said unidentified “foreign powers” were arming Syria’s opposition.

Lavrov’s accusation followed a charge by US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton on Tuesday that she had information Russia was sending to Syria “attack helicopters … which will escalate the conflict quite dramatically.”

Asked in Tehran about the helicopter allegation, Lavrov said only that Moscow was giving Damascus “conventional weapons” related to air defence and asserted that the deal complied with international law.

Russia’s deputy Foreign Minister Gennady Gatilov told reporters last month that Moscow believed “it would be wrong to leave the Syrian government without the means for self-defence.”

Iranian Foreign Minister Ali Akbar Salehi said at the same news conference with Lavrov that Tehran and Moscow were “very close” on the Syria issue.

Western and Arab nations, he said, “are sending weapons to Syria and forces to Syria, and are not allowing the reforms promised by the Syrian president to be applied.”

Reports in Iran allege that Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United States are arming Syria’s rebels – termed “terrorists” by Damascus – while US officials claim Iran is giving arms and military advisers to Syria’s regime.

Some observers fear the conflict, which the UN’s chief peacekeeper agrees now resembles a civil war, could blow up into a struggle between forces helped by outside nations.

“There is a real risk of it sliding into a proxy war as certain states support the regime or ‘the opposition’,” one Western diplomat told AFP, speaking on condition on anonymity.

“The conflict in Syria certainly appears to be getting more brutal – and not just on one side,” the diplomat warned.

 

Read Full Article Here

 

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Russia: Syria rebels have US-made weapons

Rebel fighters fire from the rooftop of house against Syrian government forces in the Bab el-Adid district in Aleppo on 23 October 2012
The West has been reluctant to openly arm the rebels

A senior Russian general has said Syrian rebels now have anti-aircraft weapons, including US-made Stingers.

Gen Nikolai Makarov was quoted by the Interfax news service as saying the origin of the surface-to-air missiles should be “cleared up”.

Russia is the biggest supplier of arms to its Syrian government ally.

Aerial bombardment of rebel-held towns continued on Wednesday, as the UN’s Syria envoy prepared to brief the Security Council on ceasefire efforts.

Lakhdar Brahimi has been trying to arrange a ceasefire between rebels and government forces over the Muslim festival of Eid al-Adha, which begins on Friday.

Weapon supplies

“We have reliable information that Syrian militants have foreign portable anti-aircraft missile systems, including those made in the USA… it should be cleared up who delivered them,” Gen Makarov told journalists in Russia.

There have been earlier unconfirmed reports of the Syrian opposition having shoulder-mounted missiles, but the West has been reluctant to openly arm the rebels.

In August, Syrian rebels said they had shot down a fighter jet near the border with Iraq.

 

Read Full Article Here

The Raw Story
Thu, 24 Jan 2013 12:21 CST

© AFP Photo

Burger King has ditched an Irish supplier of beef that is at the centre of a food scare after horse meat was discovered in beefburgers sold in Britain and Ireland, where it is deemed to be a taboo.

The US fast-food giant said Wednesday it has decided to replace all Silvercrest beef products in Britain and Ireland with those from another supplier.

“This is a voluntary and precautionary measure,” Burger King said in a statement.

“We are working diligently to identify suppliers that can produce 100 percent pure Irish and British beef products that meet our high quality standards.”

 

Read Full Article Here

By Carsten Volkery

Both those who support and oppose Britain’s membership in the EU are putting pressure on the country’s prime minister ahead of his speech Friday on London’s future in Europe. Cameron’s party longs for confrontation with Brussels, but its partners abroad warn against isolation.

"A Dangerous Gamble:" British Prime Minister David Cameron is set to hold a major address on Britain's role in Europe in Amsterdam on Friday. Zoom

DPA

“A Dangerous Gamble:” British Prime Minister David Cameron is set to hold a major address on Britain’s role in Europe in Amsterdam on Friday.

Normally, Labour Party opposition leader Ed Miliband draws the short end of the stick in his weekly debate with David Cameron in the House of Commons. The prime minister is too quick-witted. But on Wednesday Miliband had an easy time of it.

 

ANZEIGE

“He thinks his problems with Europe will end on Friday,” Miliband said of Cameron. “They are just beginning.”

On Friday, Cameron is set to give a long-awaited address on Britain’s future in the EU. He is expected to call for a looser relationship, and announce a national referendum on a “new deal” with Brussels. In doing so, he is seeking to appease the EU opponents in his own party, for whom the power of the eurocrats has long been a point of contention.

But it doesn’t look as if the speech will have the hoped for liberating effect. On the contrary, it may merely mark the beginning of the debate over Europe in Britain. In recent days, the opponents and proponents of the EU have been positioning themselves for a fight.

Cameron is stuck between a rock and a hard place. On the one side, the euroskeptic majority of his party’s parliamentary faction is making noises about finally taking powers back to London from Brussels. On the other, a broad alliance is emerging of pro-European diplomats, executives and representatives of business, banks and literally all Western leaders, who warn that Britain will face isolation and economic consequences if it turns its back on the EU.

 

Read Full Article Here

  • Do not turn inwards, the US tells London (Photo: J. A. Alcaide)
  1. By Valentina Pop

The Obama administration has warned Britain against sidelining itself in the EU as Prime Minister Cameron comes under increasing pressure to hold a membership referendum.

“We have a growing relationship with the EU as an institution, which has an increasing voice in the world, and we want to see a strong British voice in that EU,” Philip Gordon, the State Department’s main official dealing with EU affairs said Wednesday (9 January) in London.

He added that “referendums have often turned countries inwards” and that it was in America’s interest for Britain to stay in an “outward-looking EU.”

The warning from Britain’s big overseas ally and partner comes ahead of a eagerly awaited speech by David Cameron on redefining his country’s relationship with the EU.

Cameron on Wednesday confirmed to the House of Commons that he still wants Britain to be “involved in the single market” and be an “active” player in the EU.

But he added that because of changes to governance of the eurozone it was necessary to have a fresh settlement with the EU and then hold a referendum on it.

 

Read Full Article Here

This one goes out to all those who have been sending messages and writing posts  hailing the gun laws in Britain.  Claiming them so civilized and effective. While we  savage Americans fight to keep our  guns.  Perhaps, instead of coming here to pontificate ,you  would spend sometime reading your newspapers or watching actual news on the  tele , you might actually know what  the  truth was.  Here’s looking at  you kiddies :D

 

 

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By Michael Shrimpton

Happy New Year everyone.

A good friend in academe has sent me a copy of an excellent article by Professor Joyce Malcolm of the excellent Georgetown University Law School, published in the Wall Street Journal.  She points out, correctly, that after the Dunblane School Massacre we in Britain made the same error Obama is now urging on Congress.

A savage crackdown on handguns was rushed through the House of Commons.

Badly drafted, in the midst of a moral panic, the Firearms Act is a classic example of a bad law.  The claimed intent was to ‘reduce gun crime.’  Since the problem at Dunblane was that Thomas Hamilton was running a pedophile ring and supplying young boys for abuse to inter alia senior police officers the new legislation was never going to prevent another massacre, nor did it.

Whilst Hamilton was shot by a police officer (in an execution-style shooting, at close range, to make sure he never talked) the politicians and police officers who made sure existing firearms controls were circumvented were never prosecuted.  Indeed there was a sordid, Sandy Hook style, cover-up.  The incident helped to shatter confidence in the police in well-informed circles, including the Tory Party and Freemasonry.  I am not a Mason by the way, although I have cordial relations with them and do not subscribe to the silly conspiracy theories about them you often find on the Internet.  They tend to be very nice people.  The Grand Master, if I may say so, is a particularly nice chap.

I am sure the poor parents of the children so disgracefully murdered at Dunblane did not want a massive increase in gun crime in Britain.  That is what they helped bring about however.  It has more than doubled since, even on official figures.  The crackle of gunfire is not an unknown sound in Britain’s inner cities these days, sadly.

 

Read Full Article Here

 

UK PM criticized for secret trial plan

 

Press TV

Campaigners have criticized David Cameron for defending plans for secret trials.

Campaigners for civil liberties have criticized British Prime Minister David Cameron for defending the Tory-led government’s controversial plans for secret trials.

Legal action charity Reprieve condemned the scheme to extend the use of secret hearings in courts, saying it was aimed at covering up Britain’s role in torture.

Cameron claimed in the Commons on Tuesday that it “will always be a judge that decides” whether to make a trial secret.

Being questioned by members of the parliamentary liaison committee, the Prime Minister tried to argue that the scheme would stop “undeserved” compensation going to “unsavory” characters.

But lawyers and campaigners warn that such controversial proposals would put the British government above the law.

The coalition government’s controversial changes to Britain’s legal system, which are contained in the Justice and Security Bill, would allow more civil court cases to be held in secret, and would deprive defendants and their lawyers from hearing arguments made against them by the UK intelligence agencies, MI5 and MI6.

Reprieve executive director Clare Algar said, “The origins of this bill clearly lie in a desire to avoid government embarrassment.”

BGH/SSM/HE

Earth Watch Report  -  Flooding

 

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Today Flash Flood United Kingdom [Statewide] Damage level
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Flash Flood in United Kingdom on Monday, 26 November, 2012 at 04:05 (04:05 AM) UTC.

Description
Heavy rain and strong winds battered areas of Britain over the weekend, killing two people and flooding 800 homes, officials said Sunday. A 21-year-old woman died and two others were injured when a large spruce tree collapsed in Exeter, near the southwestern coast, late Saturday. The woman was in a small tent to shelter from the storm when the tree fell on it, police said. She later died at a hospital. The rains caused the most serious problems in southern England. In nearby Cornwall, people had to briefly evacuate their homes as flood waters and torrential rain battered villages. In Cambridgeshire, a man was driving a car when it plunged into a swollen river in a flooded area. The man was pulled from the water, but he died on the way to the hospital. Hundreds of highways and roads were closed due to the flooding, and several train services were canceled. Officials said the situation was stabilizing in southern England, but weather forecasters said persistent rain would continue in the north of England and Scotland on Sunday. Prime Minister David Cameron pledged that all flood victims would get the help they needed.

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At least 2 dead

The Associated Press


Vehicles try to navigate flood waters in central England.Vehicles try to navigate flood waters in central England. (Darren Staples/Reuters)

Heavy rain and strong winds battered areas of Britain over the weekend, killing two people and flooding 800 homes, officials said Sunday.

A 21-year-old woman died and two others were injured when a large spruce tree collapsed in Exeter, near the southwestern coast, late Saturday.

The woman was in a small tent when the tree fell on it, police said. She later died at a hospital.

The rains caused the most serious problems in southern England. Nearby Cornwall, people had to briefly evacuate their homes as flood waters and torrential rain battered villages.

In Cambridgeshire, a man was driving a car when it plunged into a swollen river in a flooded area. The man was pulled from the water, but he died on the way to the hospital.

Hundreds of highways and roads were closed due to the flooding, and several train services were cancelled.

There are more than 200 flood warnings across Britain on Sunday, according to BBC News.

Officials said the situation was stabilizing in southern England, but weather forecasters said persistent rain would continue in the north of England and Scotland on Sunday.

Prime Minister David Cameron pledged that all flood victims would get the help they needed.

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Europe, Not Euro, May Break Apart

Who needs nations? Scotland, Catalonia, other European regions seek closer ties with EU

By Joergen Oerstroem Moeller

Scotland’s First Minister Alex Salmond launches the YES campaign for Scottish independence in Edinburgh, Scotland, on May 25. The campaign for independence prepares for an autumn 2014 referendum on severing the more than 300-year-old union with England. (Andy Buchanan/AFP/GettyImages)

Scotland’s First Minister Alex Salmond launches the YES campaign for Scottish independence in Edinburgh, Scotland, on May 25. The campaign for independence prepares for an autumn 2014 referendum on severing the more than 300-year-old union with England. (Andy Buchanan/AFP/GettyImages)

The fear about the euro’s collapse has receded, but Europe as forged after the industrial revolution is fracturing, reverting to traditional regional entities with cultural traditions, languages, and animosity against nation-states that swallowed them without their consent.

There’s Scotland in Britain, Catalonia and Basque Country in Spain, Flanders in Belgium, Lombardy or Padania in Italy; Soon maybe Wales in Britain, Bavaria in Germany, Brittany and Occitania in France. On top of this litany, there’s also growing concern about Britain exiting the European Union.

The Holy Roman Empire dominating Central Europe before industrialization counted 1,800 states ruled by kings, knights, and bishops.

The states were too small to reap the fruits of industrialization. Fragmented markets prevented transnational supply chains and were incapable of shaping the logistics, transport infrastructure, and, most important of all, the political system necessary for transition from feudal and agricultural states to manufacturing.

So the European nation-state emerged. Admittedly Britain, France, and Spain could trace their roots back 100 or 200 years earlier, but were not solidly secure until around 1800. Italy and Germany were born between 1860 and 1871.

Acquiescence

The nation-states masterminded regional economic integration, but never completely succeeded in shaping a national culture. Yes, a national language gradually took over, but the regions preserved distinct cultural identities. They acquiesced with the nation-state and obeyed respective capitals in London, Paris, Berlin, Rome, or Madrid because force compelled them to do so and the economic advantages were evident.

The standard of living rose as industrialization conquered the regions, and prosperity followed. The end result: The increasing standard of living was sufficiently higher to compensate for attacks on cultural identity to ensure the nation-state’s prerogative. The people in the regions traded in some but not all cultural identity.

This became even more manifest as industrialization went into the next phase: economic globalization. International treaties strengthened the capitals’ hold over regions. The regions could not access global markets without the capitals’ consent as laid out in international rules negotiated among nation-states.

Scotland could not on its own strike a deal with the United States or Argentina for export of ships from the shipyards at the Clyde. Only London could. And over the first half of the 20th century, Europe showed little support for regionalism or cultural identity. Few Scots genuinely felt as Scots or saw Scotland in any other way than as part of the United Kingdom.

The role of the nation-states as imperial powers solidified this view. For the Scots, being part of the United Kingdom provided a platform for a central role in running the empire and profiting by doing so.

Conditions for Nation-State Disappearing

Conditions favoring the nation-state are disappearing—and rapidly. The empires are gone. Industrialization is giving way to an economic age shaped by information and communication technology, ICT, opening access to the world outside the nation-state framework.

Manufacturing used to be the cornerstone of European economic activity, but except for Germany, no longer.

The burden of transition has been unevenly distributed aggravating the skepticism among regions about the virtue of the nation-state. Over the last four years national political systems have lost legitimacy because of impotence in dealing with the crisis.

A feeling of unfair distribution of hardship and burdens when capitals cut welfare and increased taxes fuels the idea among regions that more fairness may be found if they handled these questions on their own while relying on the EU despite its shortcomings for economic policy.

The EU has taken away from the nation-state and its capitals the key to participate in economic globalization.

Most important of all, the EU has taken away from the nation-state and its capitals the key to participate in economic globalization. Regions no longer need to go through the capital to request changes in rules of the game or help in accessing foreign markets.

Regions have set up embassies and lobbying associations to promote export and attract investment abroad. For example, in Washington, a Scottish Affairs Office implements Scotland’s plan for engaging with the United States. To drive home the point, the office flags its Gaelic name, Riaghaltas na h-Alba.

Or the Scots work via the European Union with Scotland’s European Union Office implementing an action plan for engagement.

If Scotland, Catalonia, or Lombardy want to safeguard their interests in global negotiations, the negotiators are no longer found in London, Madrid, or Rome, but in Brussels. Sure enough, politicians and civil servants in the capitals still want, indeed crave, serving as the channel to the EU for all regional preferences, but this posture increasingly falls on deaf ears.

The view in London that Scotland’s interests should be weighed against interests put forward by other parts of Britain doesn’t matter much north of the border.

Separatist Sentiment

The wave of austerity rolling through all of Europe reinforces the separatist sentiment. During the industrial age, in particular when the welfare state was introduced, the center or capital was shuffling large sums of money around via taxes and welfare payments to and from the regions.

Then, it seemed quite the gamble to cut this lifeline. Now such fiscal transfers are falling by the wayside as the state pulls back from the super welfare state. Regions increasingly view themselves as capable, perhaps even better equipped, of competing without the support of the nation-state, and find it less attractive to be part of an acrimonious redistribution struggle.

The European Union is on the radar screen. Not only do the nation-states shave fiscal transfers, but current plans for a fiscal union augur a stronger role for the EU. Plans are being drafted to give the EU some kind of veto over national budgets, further transferring power from the capitals of the nation-states to the EU, stimulating regions to strike their own deals with the supranational political leadership.

The proposed banking union works the same way. The regions do not see why their interests and the negotiating about a European supervisory body should be controlled by the nation-state. They may or may not have common interests with banks in other parts of the nation-state, but it cannot be taken for granted, and in some cases they may fear being held hostage to nation-state policies disregarding their interests.

Secession?

It’s no coincidence that Scotland stands first in line to have a go at secession. Britain’s Conservative Party, the leading coalition partner in the British government, toys with the idea of a referendum about continued membership of the EU.

Polls indicate that in the U.K. as a whole 51 percent of the voters favor leaving the EU with only 34 percent preferring to stay. Inside the Conservative Party 83 percent want a referendum, and 70 percent would vote to leave.

But Scotland has always voted overwhelmingly with the Labor Party and abhors the risk of being forced out of the EU by a political party that enjoys limited support among the Scots. The prospect of the Conservative Party taking Britain out of the EU combined with Scotland leaving Britain to join the EU might have once seemed like pure fantasy, but no more. Breakup may be the most realistic scenario.

The Scots will vote yes or no to stay in the U.K. in 2014. The next general election of the British Parliament is set for 2015. But if Scotland decides to leave the U.K., all dates and plans are up in the air. The vote in Scotland may advance the parliamentary election, giving the EU referendum a dominating role.

Joergen Oerstroem Moeller is a senior visiting research fellow, the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore Management University. He is also adjunct professor for Singapore Management University and Copenhagen Business School. Copyright Yale Center for the Study of Globalization (Yaleglobal.yale.edu).

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